Classic Classic Quiz Cardiology : Heart Valves by Tommymoran Tommymoran 64 played - 10 yrs ago General Questions for Basic Cardiology QUIZ 19 QUESTIONS hard 1 Which valves have chordae tendonae and papillary muscles associated with them? Tricuspid and Mitral (AV Valves)Pulmonary and Aortic ValvesTricuspid and PulmonaryA and B 2 Stenosis is... Turbulent blood flow inducing injury and clottingInability of the valve to fully open, decreasing forward blood movementUnsynchronized contractions of the right and left heartInability of the valve to fully close, allowing backward blood flow 3 How does regurgitation of the heart happen? GeneticsInfectionsIschaemiaAll of the above 4 What is plication of the posterior leaflet? Removal of chordae tendononae segment to reinforce valve functionRemoval of papillary muscle segment to reinforce valave functionRemoval of posterior valve to increase bloodflow for undersized orifacesRemoval of valve posterior leaflet and suturing of others to shrink oversized orifaces 5 What is the circumferential structure of a heart valve? CircumferumRadial PerforateAnnulusAnnual 6 What is the function of an annuloplasty ring? An artificial valve sized smaller than the regurgitating annulusAn artificial valve sized larger than the regurgitating annulusAn artificial leaflet sutured to the regurgitating annulusNone of the above 7 What is a MitraClip? A percutaneous catheter-clip system used to repair regurgitation of the mitral valveAn artificial clip used to secure a dysfunctional leaflet of the mitral valveAn artificial clip used to secure the open state of the mitral valve to repair stenosisNone of the above 8 Stenosis may be caused by... Rheumatic valvulitisInfective endocarditisTrauma (biopsies, pacemaker lead placement)All of the above 9 Stenotic Mitral valve may be caused by... Thickened LeafletsShortened fuse and Calcified chordaeA and BNone of the above 10 Critical Aortic Stenoses are... FoetalAdultBothNeither 11 What causes Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome? Neonatal heart compensating for mitral stenosis through right atricular hypertrophyFetal heart in midgestation compensating for aortic stenosis via the Right Ventricle and the ductus arteriosisLeft ventricle of fetal heart in midgestation undercompensating for stenotic mitral valveB and C 12 What treatments are available for Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome? None. It is fatal immediately following birth.Norwood Procedure (Post-Natal Surgeries Removing Shunt, and deploying blood mixing in the right ventricle)In utero Echocardiograph guided balloon dilation of the aortic annulusB and C 13 What percentage of Adults have Adult Aortic Stenosis by age 85? <5%~8%~12%~15% 14 What is SAVR in reference to treatment of Aortic Stenosis? Surgical Aortic Valve ReplacementSegregatial Atrial-Ventricular RegurgitationSurgical Annular Valve RemovalNone of the above 15 What's an advantage of Trans-Catheter Aortic Valve (TCAV) implantation? Alternative to open heart surgery with less riskCan be used to implant natural valves, which reduce chances of clottingIt's FDA approvedAll of the above 16 What is an advantage of a synthetic valve? It reduces turbulent blood flow, thus reducing thrombosisIt is resilient, and replaced less frequently than natural valves.It is less immunogenicB and C 17 What are Warfarin and Dabigatran (Pradax) commonly used as? Immuno-SuppressantsThrombolyticsAnti-plateletsAnti-coagulants 18 Dabigatran is more effective than Warfarin in treating what heart condition? Tricuspid RegurgitationMechanical Aortic Valve ReplacementAtrial FibrillationB and C 19 What is a consequence of off-label use? Jepordizes future applications of the drugUnreliable and presents unresearched risks for patientWorld dominationThe answer is A and B. (And thus, technically D). A mistake in this Quiz ? Contact the author Commentaires
